PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Martinez A.C., Oliveira F.S., Abreu C.O., Martins L.L., Pauloni A.P. & Moreira N. 2013. [Semen collection by electroejaculation in Azara´s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae.] Colheita de sêmen por eletroejaculação em cutia-parda (Dasyprocta azarae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(1):86-88. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus Umuarama, Cx. Postal 65, Umuarama, PR 87501-970, Brazil. E-mail: singaretti@ig.com.br Agoutis are animals that live in South and Central America, present rearing potential and call increasing scientific interest. The aim of this paper was to establish a model for semen collection by electroejaculation in Azara´s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae). Anesthetized adult males (n=4) were submitted to four series of 20 electroejaculatory stimuli, during 3 seconds each and with 2, 4, 6 and 8 volts, with a 2 minutes rest among series. Semen collection was accomplished in every animal, with partial penis erection at 2 volts, makeable erection at 4 volts, ejaculation at 6 volts, glans and penis spines exposition at 8 volts, and sperm collected in all samples. The described technique for Azara’s agouti semen collection was efficient.

• Semen Dasyprocta azarae agouti electroejaculation sêmen cutia-parda eletroejaculação

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Martinez A.C., Oliveira F.S., Abreu C.O., Martins L.L., Pauloni A.P. & Moreira N. 2013. [Semen collection by electroejaculation in Azara´s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae.] Colheita de sêmen por eletroejaculação em cutia-parda (Dasyprocta azarae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(1):86-88. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus Umuarama, Cx. Postal 65, Umuarama, PR 87501-970, Brazil. E-mail: singaretti@ig.com.br As cutias são animais que vivem nas Américas Central e do Sul, com potencial zootécnico e que despertam crescente interesse científico. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer um padrão para colheita de sêmen por eletroejaculação em cutia-parda (Dasyprocta azarae). Foram utilizados machos adultos (n=4) anestesiados e submetidos a quatro séries de 20 estímulos eletroejaculatórios, com 3 segundos de duração cada, com uma intensidade de 2, 4, 6 e 8 volts, com dois minutos de intervalo entre cada série. A colheita de sêmen foi obtida em todos os animais, com ereção parcial com 2 volts, ereção evidente com 4 volts, ejaculação com 6 volts e exacerbação da glande e exteriorização das espículas penianas com 8 volts, observando-se espermatozoides em 100% das amostras. A técnica descrita para colheita de sêmen em cutia-parda foi eficaz.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Rola L.D., Zanetti E.S. & Duarte J.M.B. 2012. [Assessment of two methods for conditioning and semen collection in four species of Mazama genus.] Avaliação de dois métodos para condicionamento e coleta de sêmen em quatro espécies do gênero Mazama. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(7):658-662. Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos, Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, São Paulo, SP 14884-900, Brazil. E-mail: lanakauz@gmail.com The development of noninvasive techniques for obtaining semen from deer facilitates the creation of genome banks, which are important tools for ex situ and in situ conservation. This study aimed to establish a noninvasive method of semen collection and compare two techniques of collection in four species of the genus Mazama: M. americana, M. gouazoubira, M. nana and M. nemorivaga. To achieve this, 6 males (M) and 2 females (F) of the species M. Americana, 3M and 2F of M. gouazoubira, 1M and 1F of M. nana and 2M and 1F of M. nemorivaga were used. For each technique tested, a period of habituation to animal handling was conducted; then, the two conditioning techniques and collection were evaluated. In the first, a female in estrus was used with lateral deviation of the penis to an artificial vagina (FEDL), yielding collection from 50% of the males (100% from M. gouazoubira and 50% from M. americana), with no ejaculate from the remaining species. In the second technique, using a taxidermized dummy with urine from females in estrus (MUFE), no semen collection was possible. During all stages, male behavior was observed regarding the time of interest and approximation, the “Flehmen” response, the act of sniffing or licking, exposure of the penis, erection, number of false mounts, attempts at copulation and the occurrence of aggression between the deer.

• Semen Mazama conditioning sêmen condicionamento

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Rola L.D., Zanetti E.S. & Duarte J.M.B. 2012. [Assessment of two methods for conditioning and semen collection in four species of Mazama genus.] Avaliação de dois métodos para condicionamento e coleta de sêmen em quatro espécies do gênero Mazama. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(7):658-662. Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos, Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, São Paulo, SP 14884-900, Brazil. E-mail: lanakauz@gmail.com O desenvolvimento de técnicas não invasivas para a obtenção de sêmen de cervídeos facilita a criação de bancos genômicos, que são importantes instrumentos para a conservação ex situ e in situ. Este trabalho teve como objetivo criar uma metodologia não-invasiva de coleta de sêmen e comparar duas técnicas de coleta em quatro espécies do gênero Mazama: M. americana, M. gouazoubira, M. nana e M. nemorivaga. Para tanto, foram utilizados seis machos (M) e duas fêmeas (F) da espécie M. americana, 3M e 2F de M. gouazoubira, 1M e 1F de M. nana e 2M e 1F de M. nemorivaga. Para cada técnica testada, foi realizado um período de habituação dos animais ao manejo. Em seguida, duas técnicas de condicionamento e coleta foram avaliadas. Na primeira delas foi utilizada uma fêmea em estro com desvio lateral do pênis para vagina artificial (FEDL), obtendo-se a coleta de 50% dos indivíduos (100% dos machos de M. gouazoubira e 50% dos machos de M. americana), não obtendo ejaculados das demais espécies. Na segunda técnica, utilizando um manequim taxidermizado com urina de fêmea em estro (MUFE) não foi possível a coleta de nenhum ejaculado. Em todas as fases foi observado o comportamento do macho quanto ao tempo de interesse e aproximação, reflexo de “Flehmen”, ato de cheirar ou lamber, exposição do pênis, ereção, número de falsas montas, tentativas de cópula e ocorrência de agressividade entre os animais.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Juvenal J.C., Erdmann R.H., Moreira N., Moraes W., Cubas P.H., Delgado L.E.S., Carvalho A.L. & Pachaly J.R. 2008. [Chemical restraint of tigrinas, Leopardus tigrinus, for semen collection with allometrically scaled doses of tiletamine, zolazepam, and xylazine.] Contenção farmacológica de gato-do-mato-pequeno, Leopardus tigrinus, para colheita de sêmen, pela associação de tiletamina zolazepam e xilazina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(11):541-546. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Pa-ranaense, Cx. Postal 162, Umuarama, PR 87502-970, Brazil. E-mail: pachaly@uol.com.br This paper reports the anesthetic effects of the combination of tiletamine HCl, zolazepam HCl, and xylazine HCl in tigrinas, Leopardus tigrinus Schreber, 1775 (Fam. Felidae), submitted to semen collection by electroejaculation. Three different protocols and the individual anesthetic doses were calculated by interspecific allometric scaling, based on the usual recommendations for a 10.0 kg domestic dog: On Protocol 1 (n=10) the basis for calculation was 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 0.5mg/kg for xylazine; on Protocol 2 (n=12) 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 0.75mg/kg for xylazine; and on Protocol 3 (n=11) 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 1.0mg/kg for xylazine. The tigrinas were anesthetized on three different occasions with a minimum interval of 30 days. During 120 minutes after the drug administration cardiac and respiratory frequencies, rectal temperature, limb myorelaxation and sensitivity to deep pain were monitored. Latency period, anesthetic period, and contamination of the semen with urine were also monitored. From a total of 32 collections, 10 samples (31.2%) and 18 aliquots (0.07%) were contaminated and rejected, but this episodes were not detrimental for semen analysis and processing. A discrete increase in rectal temperature during electroejaculation caused by muscle contraction, followed by temperature decrease, was observed. Cardiac and respiratory frequency varied during the experiment, but remained within physiological standards for the species. The three tested protocols showed to be safe and effective to produce analgesia and anesthesia in L. tigrinus during semen collection by electroejaculation.

• Chemical restraint anesthesia tigrina Leopardus tigrinus allometric scaling semen collection

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Juvenal J.C., Erdmann R.H., Moreira N., Moraes W., Cubas P.H., Delgado L.E.S., Carvalho A.L. & Pachaly J.R. 2008. [Chemical restraint of tigrinas, Leopardus tigrinus, for semen collection with allometrically scaled doses of tiletamine, zolazepam, and xylazine.] Contenção farmacológica de gato-do-mato-pequeno, Leopardus tigrinus, para colheita de sêmen, pela associação de tiletamina zolazepam e xilazina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(11):541-546. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Pa-ranaense, Cx. Postal 162, Umuarama, PR 87502-970, Brazil. E-mail: pachaly@uol.com.br This paper reports the anesthetic effects of the combination of tiletamine HCl, zolazepam HCl, and xylazine HCl in tigrinas, Leopardus tigrinus Schreber, 1775 (Fam. Felidae), submitted to semen collection by electroejaculation. Three different protocols and the individual anesthetic doses were calculated by interspecific allometric scaling, based on the usual recommendations for a 10.0 kg domestic dog: On Protocol 1 (n=10) the basis for calculation was 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 0.5mg/kg for xylazine; on Protocol 2 (n=12) 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 0.75mg/kg for xylazine; and on Protocol 3 (n=11) 5.0mg/kg for tiletamine + zolazepam and 1.0mg/kg for xylazine. The tigrinas were anesthetized on three different occasions with a minimum interval of 30 days. During 120 minutes after the drug administration cardiac and respiratory frequencies, rectal temperature, limb myorelaxation and sensitivity to deep pain were monitored. Latency period, anesthetic period, and contamination of the semen with urine were also monitored. From a total of 32 collections, 10 samples (31.2%) and 18 aliquots (0.07%) were contaminated and rejected, but this episodes were not detrimental for semen analysis and processing. A discrete increase in rectal temperature during electroejaculation caused by muscle contraction, followed by temperature decrease, was observed. Cardiac and respiratory frequency varied during the experiment, but remained within physiological standards for the species. The three tested protocols showed to be safe and effective to produce analgesia and anesthesia in L. tigrinus during semen collection by electroejaculation.